Copyright & Licensing
Protecting author rights while supporting open access, responsible reuse and the widest possible dissemination of scholarly research.
Ownership protected. Research shared.
The Journal is committed to protecting the rights of authors while promoting the widest possible dissemination and responsible reuse of scholarly research.
The Journal follows an open-access publishing model under which published articles are freely available to readers and may be reused in accordance with the applicable Creative Commons licence.
Copyright Ownership
Authors retain their copyright
Authors retain the copyright in their original scholarly work.
By submitting a manuscript, authors confirm that they have the necessary rights to submit and publish the work and that the manuscript does not infringe the copyright, intellectual property or other rights of any third party.
The Journal does not require authors to transfer exclusive copyright ownership as a condition of publication.
Publishing Rights
Upon acceptance and publication, authors grant the Journal the necessary non-exclusive publishing and distribution rights to publish, reproduce, distribute, communicate, archive, index and make the article publicly available.
These rights allow the Journal to maintain the published version of the article and disseminate it through its website, repositories, indexing services, databases and other scholarly platforms.
Granting these publishing rights does not prevent authors from exercising the rights retained under the applicable Creative Commons licence.
Creative Commons Licence
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
Unless otherwise stated for a particular article, articles are published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence (CC BY 4.0).
Under CC BY 4.0, users may share, copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon the material for commercial or non-commercial purposes.
These rights are subject to appropriate attribution.
- Give appropriate credit to the author(s).
- Cite the original publication.
- Provide a link to the applicable licence.
- Indicate whether changes were made.
- Do not imply endorsement by the author or Journal.
The full licence terms are available through the official Creative Commons website.
Author Rights
Share
Authors may share the published article with colleagues and students.
Deposit
Articles may be deposited in institutional or subject repositories.
Academic Portfolios
Authors may include their work in academic portfolios and personal websites.
Teaching
Authors may use their articles for teaching and educational purposes.
Future Publications
Authors may reuse their work in future scholarly publications.
Public Availability
Authors may make the published Version of Record publicly available under CC BY 4.0.
No embargo is imposed on these permitted forms of sharing.
Self-Archiving
Authors may deposit their work in institutional repositories, subject repositories, research platforms or other lawful scholarly archives.
The following versions may be shared where applicable:
Authors are encouraged to include the complete citation and DOI of the published article when depositing or sharing their work.
Third-Party Material
Authors are responsible for identifying and obtaining appropriate permission for any third-party material included in their manuscripts.
Where third-party material is not covered by the article's Creative Commons licence, the relevant copyright or licensing restrictions should be clearly identified.
The Journal may request evidence of permission before publication.
Originality & Copyright Infringement
Original research, properly attributed
Authors must ensure that submitted manuscripts are original and do not unlawfully reproduce material protected by copyright.
Any substantial material reproduced from another source must be appropriately cited and, where required, reproduced only with permission from the copyright holder.
The Journal may reject a manuscript where there are reasonable concerns regarding copyright infringement or unauthorised use of third-party material.
Attribution & Citation
Any reuse of an article published under the CC BY 4.0 licence should provide appropriate attribution.
A suitable attribution should normally identify:
- Author(s)
- Article title
- The Business and Economic Review
- Publication year
- DOI or permanent link
- Applicable Creative Commons licence
Users should also clearly indicate if modifications have been made to the original material.
Open Access & Licensing
Open access does not mean copyright is waived
All published articles are made freely available under the Journal's open-access policy.
The open-access status of an article does not mean that copyright is waived. Rather, copyright remains with the author while the applicable Creative Commons licence establishes the permissions under which others may access, share and reuse the work.
Copyright & Article Processing Charges
Publication fees do not transfer ownership
Where applicable, an Article Processing Charge is a publication-related fee and does not constitute a purchase or transfer of copyright ownership.
Payment of an APC does not give the Journal exclusive ownership of the author's work.
APC payment does not alter the rights granted to users under the applicable Creative Commons licence.
Corrections, Retractions & Copyright
The Journal reserves the right to correct, update, issue an expression of concern regarding or retract published articles where appropriate in accordance with its publication-ethics policies.
Copyright and licensing arrangements continue to apply to corrected or retracted articles, subject to any necessary notices or modifications required to maintain the integrity of the scholarly record.
Author Declaration
Submission confirms the following
- The authors have the authority to submit the work for publication.
- The manuscript is original or all relevant permissions have been obtained.
- The work does not knowingly infringe the rights of others.
- All sources and third-party materials have been appropriately acknowledged.
- Necessary copyright permissions have been obtained where required.
- All authors have approved the final manuscript and its submission.
Policy Statement
Balancing ownership and open scholarship
The Journal supports a copyright and licensing framework that balances author ownership, open access, responsible reuse, attribution and long-term scholarly dissemination.
The Journal's licensing policy is intended to ensure that published research remains freely accessible while authors retain meaningful rights over their scholarly work.
Protecting Rights. Sharing Knowledge.
The Business and Economic Review supports responsible scholarly publishing by protecting author ownership while enabling broad access, lawful reuse and long-term dissemination of academic research.